Rapid and efficient detection methods of pathogenic swine enteric coronaviruses

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Virology
• Animal Pathology

Background:

• Porcine enteric coronaviruses (CoVs) are highly contagious pathogens causing significant enteric diarrhea in piglets.
• Infections lead to vomiting, watery diarrhea, dehydration, high morbidity, and mortality, posing economic threats to the global swine industry.
• Clinical signs are often similar across different CoVs, complicating pathogen differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review various PCR-based methods for the rapid and efficient detection of pathogenic swine enteric coronaviruses.
• To emphasize the importance of high-throughput detection in disease prevention and control.
• To address the limitations of serological methods in young piglets due to underdeveloped immune systems.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on PCR-based diagnostic techniques for swine enteric coronaviruses.
• Analysis of the suitability of different PCR methods for detecting CoVs in swine intestinal samples.
• Evaluation of the speed and efficiency of various detection strategies.

Main Results:

• PCR-based methods offer rapid and efficient detection of swine enteric coronaviruses.
• These methods are crucial for accurate and timely diagnosis, especially when clinical signs are similar.
• The review identifies various PCR approaches suitable for high-throughput screening.

Conclusions:

• Rapid and efficient detection methods are essential for managing swine enteric coronavirus outbreaks.
• PCR-based techniques are powerful tools for the early and accurate diagnosis of these infections.
• Effective diagnostic strategies are critical for mitigating economic losses in the pig farming industry.