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Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...
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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

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The Trouble with Anesthetizing the Dead.

William J Perez1

  • 1Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

The Linacre Quarterly
|May 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anesthesiologists face unique challenges when managing organ donors declared dead by neurologic criteria. This reflection addresses practical realities and ethical considerations for physicians involved in these critical procedures.

Keywords:
Brain deathConscience in medicineDetermination of deathNature of deathOrgan donation/transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Anesthesiology
  • Organ Donation

Background:

  • Organ donation following declaration of death by neurologic criteria (DDNC) is a critical component of transplantation.
  • Anesthesia management in these cases presents unique ethical and practical considerations for the anesthesiologist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the practical realities and challenges faced by anesthesiologists caring for organ donors declared dead by neurologic criteria.
  • To address ethical questions and provide guidance for physicians involved in these complex cases.

Main Methods:

  • Reflective analysis of clinical experiences and ethical considerations.
  • Discussion of practical issues encountered in the perioperative management of DDNC organ donors.

Main Results:

  • The management of DDNC organ donors requires specific anesthetic techniques and protocols.
  • Physicians may encounter ethical dilemmas regarding the continuation of life support for organ procurement.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesiologists play a vital role in optimizing organ viability for transplantation in DDNC donors.
  • Further discussion and education are needed to support physicians navigating the complexities of this practice.