Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis CASP - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis
06:45

Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis CASP - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis

Published on: December 18, 2010

19.8K

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: We Are Still Behind

Laith Numan1, Ahmed Elkafrawy1, Osama Kaddourah1

  • 1Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, USA.

Cureus
|May 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Diagnosing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) adherence to guidelines is low, impacting patient outcomes. Improving diagnostic accuracy for SBP is crucial for effective cirrhosis management and reducing mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious infection of ascitic fluid in patients with cirrhosis.
  • Despite established guidelines, accurate diagnosis and management of SBP remain challenging in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate adherence to American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and European Association for the Study of Liver (EASL) guidelines in diagnosing and managing SBP.
  • To identify factors contributing to guideline non-adherence in SBP diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 106 hospitalized patients diagnosed with SBP between January 2015 and January 2018.
  • Two independent authors assessed guideline adherence for SBP diagnosis and management based on AASLD and EASL criteria.

Main Results:

  • Only 52.4% of patients were diagnosed according to guidelines, with common errors including misdiagnosis and premature antibiotic administration.
  • Guideline adherence for SBP management was also suboptimal, with only 67.3% receiving appropriate treatment.
  • Inpatient mortality was 4.7%, and the 30-day readmission rate was 29.3%.

Conclusions:

  • Adherence to published guidelines for SBP diagnosis and management is insufficient in clinical practice.
  • Enhanced efforts are required to improve guideline implementation for SBP to optimize patient care and outcomes in cirrhosis.
  • Misdiagnosis and inappropriate antibiotic use are key barriers to effective SBP management.
Keywords:
antibioticscirrhosisguidelines in medicinehepatologyspontaneous bacterial peritonitis

More Related Videos

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

10.4K
Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury07:03

Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.7K

Related Concept Videos

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications01:25

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
327
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
204
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
355
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
344
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
1.8K
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
615