Internet-based interpretation bias modification for body dissatisfaction: A three-armed randomized controlled trial.

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Clinical Psychology
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Background:

• Appearance-related interpretation bias is linked to body dissatisfaction (BD), a risk factor for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and eating disorders (ED).
• Cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) has proven effective in reducing maladaptive interpretation bias and symptoms in various emotional disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the acceptability and efficacy of a web-based CBM-I program for individuals with high body dissatisfaction.
• To assess the impact of CBM-I on interpretation bias, BD, associated symptoms, and stress reactivity.

Main Methods:

• 318 individuals with high BD were randomized into CBM-I, control (SWAP without feedback), or waitlist groups.
• Interpretation bias, BD, and symptoms were assessed at baseline and post-intervention, with follow-ups at 1 and 4 weeks.
• Transference effects on stress reactivity were also investigated.

Main Results:

• CBM-I significantly increased adaptive interpretation patterns, particularly for appearance-related situations (d = 0.65-1.18).
• Both CBM-I and control groups reduced BD and BDD severity, but CBM-I uniquely improved quality of life (d = 0.51), self-esteem (d = 0.52), and maladaptive beliefs (d = 0.47).
• State stress reactivity was reduced in the CBM-I group, and effects remained stable at follow-ups with high treatment satisfaction and low adverse reactions.

Conclusions:

• Web-based CBM-I is an efficacious and acceptable intervention for body dissatisfaction.
• Findings support cognitive-behavioral models for BD, BDD, and ED, highlighting the potential of digital interventions.