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Temperature Sensing in Cells Using Polymeric Upconversion Nanocapsules.

Banu Iyisan1, Raweewan Thiramanas1, Nadzeya Nazarova1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.

Biomacromolecules
|May 21, 2020
PubMed
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Researchers developed polymeric upconversion nanocapsules as cellular nanothermometers. These nanocapsules accurately measure local cell temperatures, aiding disease diagnosis like cancer by detecting metabolic heat changes.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Intracellular temperature monitoring is vital for understanding biological processes and disease states like cancer.
  • Enhanced cellular metabolism, often linked to cancer, increases local heat production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop polymeric upconversion nanocapsules for use as intracellular nanothermometers.
  • To exploit the temperature-dependent triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTAUC) phenomenon for temperature sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized nanocapsules using miniemulsion solvent evaporation, featuring a polymer shell and rice bran oil core.
  • Incorporated TTAUC-active dyes (sensitizer and emitter) within the nanocapsule core.
  • Utilized the oxygen-scavenging property of rice bran oil to enable TTAUC in varying oxygen conditions.

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Main Results:

  • Successfully applied TTAUC for temperature sensing in the range of 22–40 °C within HeLa cells.
  • Demonstrated good cellular viability after nanocapsule uptake.
  • Observed increased delayed fluorescence spectra correlating with higher cell temperatures in metabolically active cells.

Conclusions:

  • Polymeric upconversion nanocapsules are effective intracellular nanothermometers.
  • The developed nanothermometers can detect temperature variations linked to cellular metabolic activity.
  • These findings support the potential for novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools in medicine.