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Chronopharmacokinetics: Time-Dependent Pharmacokinetics01:20

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Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice
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Time-Dependent Changes in THC Concentrations in Deceased Persons.

Mark Chu1,2, Matthew Di Rago1,2, Dylan Mantinieks1,2

  • 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, 65 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, Victoria 3006, Australia.

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|May 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postmortem blood analysis reveals significant increases in delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations shortly after death, followed by a decline. These dynamic changes in THC levels complicate interpretation of forensic toxicology results.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Postmortem Chemistry
  • Cannabinoid Analysis

Background:

  • Accurate interpretation of postmortem toxicology is crucial for forensic investigations.
  • Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis.
  • Understanding postmortem changes in drug concentrations is essential for reliable results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the changes in delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) blood concentrations during the postmortem period.
  • To compare THC levels in antemortem, mortuary admission, and autopsy blood specimens.
  • To assess the impact of postmortem interval on THC concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of THC concentrations in blood samples collected at different time points: antemortem, upon body admission to the mortuary (AD), and at autopsy (PM).
  • Analysis of 239 AD, 106 autopsy, and 147 antemortem specimens.
  • Inclusion of 14 cases with all three specimen types from the same decedent.
  • Comparison with acetaminophen to control for postmortem interval effects.

Main Results:

  • Median THC concentration in AD blood was 13.7 ng/mL, autopsy blood was 13.8 ng/mL, and antemortem blood was 1.9 ng/mL.
  • In cases with all three specimens, median concentrations were: antemortem 4.0 ng/mL, AD 15.5 ng/mL, and PM 4.4 ng/mL.
  • Significant increases in THC were observed in the early postmortem period, followed by a decline.
  • Acetaminophen showed no significant change in blood concentration postmortem.

Conclusions:

  • THC blood concentrations exhibit dynamic changes in the early postmortem period, increasing and then declining.
  • While median autopsy concentrations were similar to antemortem levels, the transient increase complicates interpretation.
  • Variability in THC concentrations across different postmortem sampling sites (femoral, subclavian, heart) showed no significant overall difference.
  • These findings highlight the challenges in interpreting postmortem THC concentrations due to complex postmortem phenomena.