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When drugs enter systemic circulation, they interact with various components of the blood, including proteins such as human serum albumin (HSA), α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), lipoproteins, globulins, and red blood cells (RBCs).
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Corticosteroid-binding globulins: Lessons from biomedical research.

Creagh W Breuner1, Hannah E Beyl2, Jessica L Malisch3

  • 1Organismal Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, The University of Montana. 32 Campus Drive, HS 104, Missoula, MT, 59801, USA; The Wildlife Biology Program, The University of Montana. 32 Campus Drive, HS 104, Missoula, MT, 59801, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) acts as a sponge, limiting glucocorticoid (GC) access to tissues. Biomedical research supports this, offering insights for comparative physiology studies on free-living vertebrates.

Keywords:
CBGCorticosteroneCortisolGlucocorticoidsTranscortin

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Biomedical Research

Background:

  • Glucocorticoids (GCs) circulate bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) in plasma.
  • Two hypotheses exist: CBG limits GC tissue access (free hormone hypothesis) or acts solely as a transport molecule (total hormone hypothesis).
  • Biomedical research has advanced understanding of GC-CBG interactions, providing valuable context for comparative studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biomedical studies on plasma CBG functions.
  • To address the ongoing debate among comparative physiologists regarding free vs. total hormone activity.
  • To inform comparative research on glucocorticoid physiology in free-living vertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 5 sets of biomedical studies.
  • Inclusion of research from genomics, pharmacology, cell culture, whole animal studies, and human medicine.
  • Focus on plasma functions of CBG.

Main Results:

  • Biomedical studies provide strong evidence for CBG limiting GC access to tissues.
  • These findings challenge the notion of CBG solely as a transport molecule.
  • The review highlights areas of concern for comparative researchers.

Conclusions:

  • Biomedical evidence supports the 'free hormone hypothesis' regarding CBG's role in limiting GC tissue access.
  • Comparative physiologists should consider these findings when interpreting GC's impact on behavior and physiology.
  • Awareness of biomedical research can refine the understanding of GC-CBG dynamics in ecological contexts.