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A risk-based scoring system to quantify biosecurity in cattle production.

Bert Damiaans1, Véronique Renault2, Steven Sarrazin1

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Summary

Farm biosecurity is crucial for disease prevention. A new tool, Biocheck, quantifies biosecurity on cattle farms, revealing generally low scores, especially for internal biosecurity and health management, highlighting areas for improvement.

Keywords:
BiosecurityCattleEvaluationQuestionnaireRisk-scoring tool

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Farm biosecurity is essential for preventing pathogen entry and spread in livestock.
  • A quantitative, objective method is needed to assess biosecurity levels on farms.
  • Shifting from treatment to prevention in animal health necessitates robust biosecurity measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement risk-based, weighted biosecurity evaluation tools for veal, beef, and dairy cattle farms.
  • To create the Biocheck-tool, a standardized system for assessing farm-level biosecurity.
  • To quantitatively measure and compare biosecurity levels across different cattle production systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of risk-based questionnaires (Biocheck-tool) for veal, beef, and dairy farms, incorporating priority cattle diseases.
  • Expert weighting of biosecurity categories and questions using the Gore method.
  • Application of the Biocheck-tool in a cross-sectional survey of 20 veal, 50 beef, and 50 dairy farms.

Main Results:

  • Mean total biosecurity scores were low across all systems: 39.7 (veal), 44.3 (beef), and 48.6 (dairy) out of 100.
  • Internal biosecurity scores were consistently lower than external biosecurity scores for all farm types.
  • Health management was a particularly weak area for internal biosecurity in all production systems.

Conclusions:

  • The Biocheck-tool provides a standardized, reproducible method for assessing cattle farm biosecurity.
  • Low overall and internal biosecurity scores indicate a need for targeted interventions and herd-specific advice.
  • The tool facilitates benchmarking and promotes improvements in farm biosecurity practices to enhance animal health.