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Terahertz Beam Steering Concept Based on a MEMS-Reconfigurable Reflection Grating.

Xuan Liu1, Lisa Samfaß2, Kevin Kolpatzeck1

  • 1Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE), 47057 Duisburg, Germany.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a reconfigurable micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) reflection grating for terahertz beam steering. The novel design enhances diffraction efficiency, enabling precise control for high-speed scanning applications.

Keywords:
MEMSblazed gratingterahertz beam steering

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Area of Science:

  • Terahertz (THz) technology
  • Optics and photonics
  • Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)

Background:

  • Terahertz systems are increasingly used in industry and communications.
  • Effective terahertz beamforming and beam steering are crucial for high-speed, large-area scanning.
  • Existing micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based reflection gratings for terahertz beam control suffer from low diffraction efficiency due to limited reflector displacement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a reconfigurable MEMS-based reflection grating capable of efficient terahertz beam steering.
  • To enhance diffraction grating efficiency beyond current limitations.
  • To provide a mathematical model for predicting the radiation pattern of terahertz waves reflected by such gratings.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a reconfigurable MEMS reflection grating design utilizing multiple subwavelength reflectors.
  • Employed 5-bit, high-throw electrostatic actuators to drive individual reflectors.
  • Configured reflector arrangement and throw to shape the grating as a blazed grating for maximum efficiency.
  • Developed a mathematical model to calculate radiation patterns for reflection gratings with subwavelength reflectors.

Main Results:

  • The designed reconfigurable MEMS reflection grating demonstrated efficient terahertz beam steering.
  • Calculated and simulated radiation patterns confirmed the ability to steer terahertz waves.
  • Achieved beam steering over a range of up to ± 56.4 degrees.
  • Observed a maximum sidelobe level of -10 dB across the 0.3 THz to 1 THz frequency range.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed reconfigurable MEMS reflection grating design significantly improves terahertz beam steering capabilities.
  • The design overcomes previous limitations in diffraction efficiency by optimizing reflector configuration.
  • The developed mathematical model accurately predicts radiation patterns, validating the design's performance for terahertz applications.