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Status of human brucellosis in district Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Sadaf Niaz1, Abdur Raqeeb1, Adil Khan1

  • 1Department of Zoology, Abdul WaliKhan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|May 23, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease affecting humans through animal contact. This study found higher prevalence in women aged 20-40, particularly from January to April in Pakistan.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria, with humans as accidental hosts infected by animals.
  • The study focuses on the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in a high-risk female population linked to domesticated animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in females of a high-risk population in District Malakand, Pakistan.
  • To identify age groups and time periods with higher brucellosis prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 304 samples were collected from September 2017 to April 2018.
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Immunoglobulin M (IgM) was used to detect brucellosis.
  • Data was analyzed for prevalence based on age and geographical location (Tehsil Batkhela and Dargai).

Main Results:

  • Brucellosis prevalence was significantly higher (P<0.05) in females aged 21-30 (32.25%).
  • Prevalence was significantly higher in Tehsil Batkhela (32.8%) compared to Dargai (22.75%).
  • Higher prevalence rates were observed from January to April, with specific monthly percentages detailed.

Conclusions:

  • Brucellosis prevalence is significantly high in the 20-40 age group and during the January to April period.
  • The study highlights the need for further research to determine the national prevalence of brucellosis in Pakistan.
Keywords:
BrucellaELISASero-prevalence

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