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Brain-encysting trematodes (Euhaplorchis californiensis) decrease raphe serotonergic activity in California killifish
Siri H Helland-Riise1, Marco A Vindas1, Ida B Johansen1
1Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway 1407.
Biology Open
|May 23, 2020
Summary
Parasitic infection by Euhaplorchis californiensis trematodes decreases brain serotonin activity in killifish, with effects intensifying at higher parasite loads. This modulation impacts host behavior and parasite transmission dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Neuroparasitology
- Behavioral Ecology
- Neuroendocrinology
Background:
- Parasite manipulation of host behavior, often via serotonin (5-HT) pathways, can increase transmission success.
- Previous studies show conflicting effects of parasites on host serotonergic activity.
- Ecologically relevant parasite loads have not been adequately studied in laboratory settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Euhaplorchis californiensis metacercariae on post-stress brain serotonin activity in California killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis).
- To examine how parasite density influences serotonergic activity and its relationship with host body mass.
Main Methods:
- Laboratory infections were established in California killifish to achieve ecologically relevant parasite loads.
- Post-stress serotonergic activity was measured in relation to parasite density and host body mass.
Main Results:
- Serotonergic activity decreased with increasing parasite density, suggesting altered neurotransmission.
- Contrary to expectations, 5-HT activity increased with body mass in infected fish.
- Parasite load-body mass relationships may influence physiological correlates of body size.
Conclusions:
- Euhaplorchis californiensis parasites can modulate brain serotonergic activity in intermediate hosts.
- These neurophysiological changes may have broader implications for host physiology and behavior.
- Parasite density and host body mass are critical factors in understanding parasite-host interactions.
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