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Gene-Environment Interactions in Major Mental Disorders in the Czech Republic
Klara Latalova1, Omar Sery2,3, Kristyna Hosakova4
1Department of Psychiatry, Palacky University Olomouc, School of Medicine and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|May 23, 2020
Summary
This study investigates gene-environment interactions (GxE) across various mental disorders, aiming to identify shared and specific genetic and environmental factors for improved prevention and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Genetics
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Mental disorders affect one-third of the population, often becoming chronic and debilitating.
- Current treatments are inadequate for many, with high rates of pharmacoresistance and relapse.
- The complex etiology, involving genetic and environmental factors, hinders causal treatment approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discover gene-environment interactions (GxE) across a broad spectrum of mental disorders.
- To comprehensively map environmental causal factors, their characteristics, magnitude, and timing.
- To simultaneously investigate genetic (including epigenetics and microbiomes) and environmental influences.
Main Methods:
- Studying large groups of associated mental disorders collectively, not in isolation.
- Involving three groups: schizophrenia/mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and healthy controls.
- Utilizing psychiatric examinations, stress assessments, genetic/epigenetic analyses, and microbiome analysis.
Main Results:
- Anticipating shared and specific genetic and environmental factors across disorders.
- Expecting distinct GxE patterns between schizophrenic/affective disorders and anxiety disorders.
- Predicting differential GxE in mental disorders compared to healthy individuals.
Conclusions:
- Findings are expected to elucidate specific GxE profiles for different mental disorders.
- Results can inform the development of targeted prevention strategies.
- The study aims to facilitate individualized treatment approaches for mental illnesses.
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