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Does Realism Matter? A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Models for Medical Student Suture Education.

Jared A Blau¹, Ronnie L Shammas¹, Rachel A Anolik¹

¹Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, N.C.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open

|May 23, 2020

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Medical students trained with either cadaveric or synthetic tissue showed similar suturing proficiency. Formal instruction significantly improved both confidence and competence in surgical skills for all students.

Area of Science:

Medical Education
Surgical Skills Training
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Medical students' suturing proficiency is crucial for surgical competence.
High-fidelity (cadaveric) and low-fidelity (synthetic) models are used for surgical skills training.
The comparative efficacy of different suturing training models requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the suturing proficiency of medical students trained with high-fidelity cadaveric tissue versus low-fidelity synthetic tissue.
To assess the impact of formal instruction on suturing competence and confidence.
To determine if training medium significantly influences surgical skill acquisition.

Main Methods:

Forty-three medical students were randomized into two groups: cadaveric tissue training and synthetic tissue training.

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Suturing proficiency was assessed using the Global Rating Scale and suture accuracy.

Perceived confidence in suturing was measured on a 0-100 scale pre- and post-instruction.

Main Results:

Both groups showed significant improvement in perceived confidence and suture accuracy after training.
No significant differences in post-training confidence or accuracy were found between the cadaveric and synthetic tissue groups.
Overall suturing performance scores improved significantly with instruction, irrespective of the training model used.

Conclusions:

The choice of training medium (cadaveric vs. synthetic tissue) does not significantly impact overall suturing performance.
Formal instruction in basic surgical skills demonstrably enhances both objective competence and subjective confidence in medical students.
Surgical departments should prioritize providing foundational surgical skills education to all medical students, regardless of the fidelity of training models employed.