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Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Infection in Newborns and Pediatrics: A Systematic Review

Latif Panahi1, Marzieh Amiri2, Somaye Pouy3

  • 1Master Student of Nursing, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine
|May 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study reviewed COVID-19 in children, finding most pediatric cases have mild symptoms like fever and cough. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for infected children, who generally fare better than adults.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 declared a global health emergency by WHO.
  • Need for characterizing pediatric COVID-19 clinical manifestations and management.
  • Importance of providing accurate information for healthcare workers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical manifestations and characteristics of COVID-19 infection in children and infants.
  • To synthesize data from published articles on pediatric COVID-19.
  • To inform healthcare providers about pediatric COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of medical databases (Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, SID, Medline, WHO, LitCovid).
  • Search using keywords: COVID-19, Pediatrics, Newborn, Coronavirus 2019, 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2.
  • Inclusion of data from 14 related articles.

Main Results:

  • Study included 2228 children, newborns, and infants.
  • Most common symptoms: fever (96%) and dry cough (91%).
  • Clinical manifestations: mild (72%), moderate (22%), severe (6%).
  • Two deaths reported: a 14-year-old boy and a preterm male newborn.
  • No significant gender differences in infection rates.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric COVID-19 often results from family clusters or close contact.
  • Infected children generally exhibit milder symptoms than adults.
  • Emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and treatment in pediatric cases.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19ChildCoronavirusInfantNewbornsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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