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Related Concept Videos

Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular01:33

Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular

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Radical reactions can occur either intermolecularly or intramolecularly. In an intermolecular radical reaction, a nucleophilic radical adds to an electrophilic alkene or vice versa. In such reactions, the radical and generally the alkene, which is also called the radical trap, are two different molecules. Additionally, for such intermolecular reactions to occur, the radical trap must be active, present in an excess concentration, and the radical starting material must have a weak...
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Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation01:16

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation

4.1K
Thermal cycloadditions are reactions where the source of activation energy needed to initiate the reaction is provided in the form of heat. A typical example of a thermally-allowed cycloaddition is the Diels–Alder reaction, which is a [4 + 2] cycloaddition. In contrast, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition is thermally forbidden.
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Intramolecular Aldol Reaction01:18

Intramolecular Aldol Reaction

2.9K
Intramolecular aldol reaction occurs in dicarbonyl compounds such as dialdehydes, diketones, and keto-aldehydes. The dicarbonyl compounds possess more than one nucleophilic ⍺ carbon for the base to deprotonate and form the enolates. For example, in symmetrical diketones, there are four ⍺ carbons. Hence, four types of enolates are possible when treated with a base. However, since the molecule is symmetrical, the enolates formed on either side of one carbonyl group are equivalent to those...
2.9K
SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:23

SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry

11.4K
In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophilic attack on the substrate and departure of the leaving group occurs simultaneously through a transition state. As the nucleophile approaches the substrate from the back-side, the configuration of the substrate carbon changes from tetrahedral to trigonal bipyramidal and then back to tetrahedral, leading to an inversion in the configuration of the product.
If the substrate is an achiral molecule at the α-carbon, the inversion of configuration is not...
11.4K
SN1 Reaction: Mechanism02:25

SN1 Reaction: Mechanism

13.8K
Kinetic studies of ionization of a tertiary halide in a protic solvent suggest that only the substrate participates in the rate-determining step (slow step). The nucleophile is involved only after the slowest step. The SN1 reaction takes place in a multiple-step mechanism. 
Firstly, the haloalkane ionizes to generate a carbocation intermediate and a halide ion. This heterolytic cleavage is highly endothermic with large activation energy. The ionization of the substrate, facilitated by a...
13.8K
Pericyclic Reactions: Introduction01:17

Pericyclic Reactions: Introduction

9.5K
Pericyclic reactions are organic reactions that occur via a concerted mechanism without generating any intermediates. The reactions proceed through the movement of electrons in a closed loop to form a cyclic transition state, where rearrangement of the σ and π bonds yields specific products.
Pericyclic reactions can be classified into three categories: electrocyclic reactions, cycloaddition reactions, and sigmatropic rearrangements. Electrocyclic reactions and sigmatropic...
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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Analysis of Complex Molecules and Their Reactions on Surfaces by Means of Cluster-Induced Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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On-Surface Intramolecular Reactions.

Biao Yang1, Bin Dong1, Lifeng Chi1

  • 1Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.

ACS Nano
|May 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

On-surface chemistry enables new molecular nanostructure synthesis. Intramolecular reactions are key for creating defect-free, large-area functional organic molecules with extended conjugated systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Organic chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • On-surface chemistry facilitates the creation of covalently bonded molecular nanostructures.
  • Intermolecular reactions on surfaces can form desired architectures but often result in defects over large areas.
  • Intramolecular reactions on surfaces are emerging as a powerful strategy for molecular synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in on-surface intramolecular reactions.
  • To highlight the potential of these reactions for synthesizing functional organic molecules.
  • To discuss future directions and prospects in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Focuses on reviewing literature concerning on-surface intramolecular reactions.
  • Discusses the synthesis of low-dimensional molecular architectures.
  • Explores the formation of extended conjugated π-systems.

Main Results:

  • On-surface intramolecular reactions offer a pathway to defect-free synthesis.
  • This approach is particularly effective for creating functional organic molecules with extended conjugation.
  • Recent progress demonstrates the feasibility of large-area synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • On-surface intramolecular reactions represent a significant advancement in molecular synthesis.
  • They provide a route to precisely controlled, defect-free nanostructures.
  • Future research will likely focus on expanding the scope and applications of these reactions.