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Dynamic profile and clinical implications of hematological parameters in hospitalized patients with coronavirus
Xiurong Ding1, Yanhua Yu1, Bichao Lu2
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.
Insights
Hematological findings, including lymphopenia and leukopenia, were analyzed in COVID-19 patients. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) showed relevance to hospitalization duration and prognosis in severe COVID-19 cases.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a global health challenge, necessitating further research into patient severity and prognosis.
- Understanding hematological alterations in COVID-19 is crucial for effective patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dynamic changes in hematological parameters among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- To evaluate the clinical implications of these hematological findings, particularly in relation to disease severity and hospitalization duration.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 72 hospitalized COVID-19 patients was conducted.
- Hematological parameters were tracked at multiple time points post-admission (days 1, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15).
- Comparison of hematological profiles between severe and non-severe cases, and correlation with hospitalization time.
Main Results:
- Lymphopenia (54.2%) and leukopenia (27.8%) were common. Severe cases exhibited higher leukocyte and neutrophil counts, and elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) compared to non-severe cases.
- Severe patients showed decreased lymphocyte counts throughout hospitalization.
- Non-severe patients demonstrated an increasing trend in platelet count. A positive correlation between NLR and hospitalization duration was observed from day 5 onwards.
Conclusions:
- Dynamic hematological profiles in severe versus non-severe COVID-19 patients during hospitalization were characterized.
- The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) demonstrated relevance to hospitalization duration and potential utility in forecasting prognosis for COVID-19 patients.
Abstract:
Objectives As people across the world suffer from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), further studies are needed to facilitate evaluating the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. In the study, we aimed to dissect the dynamic profile and clinical implications of hematological findings in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the hematological findings of 72 patients with COVID-19 admitted from January 21 to February 17, 2020. The final date of follow-up was March 20, 2020. Dynamic profile of vital hematological parameters in severe and non-severe patients was presented at different time points (day 1, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 after admission), and the correlation of hematological parameters with hospitalization time was indicated. Results Of 72 patients with COVID-19, lymphopenia and leukopenia occurred in 39 (54.2%) and 20 (27.8%) patients with COVID-19, respectively. Fifteen (20.8%) patients were defined as severe cases and 57 (79.2%) were non-severe cases. Compared to non-severe patients, leukocyte count, neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher, whereas lymphocyte count was declined in severe patients at each time point. A growing trend in platelet count was found in non-severe patients over the follow-up period. In addition, a positive correlation of NLR with hospitalization time was detected from day 5 after admission. Conclusions Dynamic changes in vital hematological parameters from severe and non-severe patients had been characterized in the course of hospitalization. During hospitalization, NLR was found to have certain relevance to the hospitalization days and a role in forecasting disease prognosis for patients with COVID-19.
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