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Comparing FE human body model rib geometry to population data.

Sven A Holcombe1, Amanda M Agnew2, Brian Derstine2

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Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
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Summary

Finite element human body models (HBMs) show significant geometric discrepancies in rib shape and thickness compared to population data. These inaccuracies, particularly at the sternal end, may explain poor prediction of rib fractures in impact scenarios.

Keywords:
Cortical boneFinite elementHuman body modelsRibsShape

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics and Computational Modeling
  • Human Anatomy and Injury Assessment

Background:

  • Finite element human body models (HBMs) are crucial for assessing injury risk in impact simulations.
  • Accurate representation of thoracic structures, especially ribs, is vital for reliable biomechanical modeling and injury prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the geometric accuracy of ribs in five widely used HBMs against population-wide rib geometry data.
  • To identify specific areas of geometric discrepancy in rib global shape, cross-sectional properties, and cortical bone thickness.

Main Methods:

  • Compared rib geometry from five HBMs (GHBMC M50, THUMS M50, GHBMC F05, THUMS F05, VIVA F50) to population reference data.
  • Utilized a parametric global shape model to assess rib shape parameters against expected values.
  • Analyzed cross-sectional area, inertial moments, and cortical bone thickness along the length of HBM ribs.

Main Results:

  • Several male and female HBMs exhibited rib shape parameters significantly deviating (outside 1SD) from population expectations.
  • HBM ribs generally showed larger cross-sectional areas compared to average population values (0.9-1.7SDs).
  • Models with constant cortical bone thickness overestimated bone content, and discrepancies were most pronounced at the sternal end of ribs.

Conclusions:

  • Current HBM rib geometry often deviates from expected population data, impacting biofidelity.
  • Discrepancies in rib geometry, particularly at the sternal end, correlate with regions prone to fracture.
  • Findings provide a basis for prioritizing improvements in HBM rib geometry for enhanced injury prediction accuracy.