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Related Concept Videos

Couple01:29

Couple

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A couple is a pair of parallel forces equal in magnitude but in opposite directions. The forces are separated by a perpendicular distance, known as the couple's arm. The couple causes a rotation force or moment that rotates the body about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the forces. The resulting moment is referred to as the couple moment. The SI unit of a couple moment is the Newton-meter (N-m).
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Equivalent Couples01:28

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In mechanical engineering, the concept of equivalent couples plays a crucial role in understanding and analyzing various mechanical systems.
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Couples Therapy

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Couples therapy is a therapeutic approach designed to help individuals in intimate relationships address conflicts, improve communication, and foster healthier dynamics. It is appropriate for couples at various stages, including those who are dating, married, or in long-term partnerships, and aims to support partners in navigating their unique relational challenges.
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Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love02:15

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We typically love the people with whom we form relationships, but the type of love we have for our family, friends, and lovers differs. Robert Sternberg (1986) proposed that there are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. These three components form a triangle that defines multiple types of love: this is known as Sternberg’s triangular theory of love. Intimacy is the sharing of details and intimate thoughts and emotions. Passion is the physical attraction—the...
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The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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It Takes Two to Tango.

José A Guevara-Patiño1, Lourdes Plaza-Rojas1

  • 1Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|May 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Vitiligo involves skin CD8 T cells recognizing melanocytes via NKG2D signaling, leading to disease progression. This mechanism explains how T cells are recruited and cause the spread of vitiligo.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Ligands for NKG2D are upregulated in vitiligo perilesional skin, particularly in active disease.
  • The underlying reasons for elevated NKG2D ligand expression in vitiligo remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a framework for understanding the mechanism of vitiligo pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the role of NKG2D signaling in T cell-mediated melanocyte destruction in vitiligo.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of NKG2D ligand expression in vitiligo skin.
  • Investigating the interaction between skin-resident CD8 T cells and melanocytes.
  • Assessing the role of NKG2D signaling in T cell activation and cytokine production.

Main Results:

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  • Skin-resident CD8 T cells recognize and eliminate melanocytes through NKG2D signaling.
  • This interaction increases the production and release of cyto/chemokines.
  • The process leads to the development of long-lasting CD8 T cells, perpetuating the disease.

Conclusions:

  • NKG2D signaling is a key mechanism in vitiligo pathogenesis.
  • CD8 T cell recognition and killing of melanocytes drive disease perpetuation and dissemination.
  • Understanding this pathway offers potential therapeutic targets for vitiligo.