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Lamin A involvement in ageing processes.

Vittoria Cenni1, Cristina Capanni1, Elisabetta Mattioli1

  • 1CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.

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|May 25, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lamin A mutations cause progeroid laminopathies, accelerating aging. Accumulation of prelamin A, a lamin A precursor, triggers stress responses leading to premature aging.

Keywords:
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS)inflammageinglamin A/CmTOR pathwayprelamin Astress response

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Lamin A is a key component of the nuclear lamina and a major product of the LMNA gene.
  • Mutations in LMNA cause progeroid laminopathies, characterized by accelerated aging phenotypes.
  • These diseases include Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria and atypical Werner syndrome, featuring severe health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of lamin A in physiological and accelerated aging.
  • To elucidate lamin A-dependent mechanisms that accelerate the aging process.
  • To propose lamin A as a stress sensor contributing to aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lamin A, LMNA gene mutations, and progeroid laminopathies.
  • Analysis of the impact of prelamin A accumulation on cellular processes.
  • Discussion of signaling pathways involved in aging and stress response.

Main Results:

  • Defects in lamin A post-translational maturation lead to prelamin A accumulation.
  • Accumulated prelamin A impacts mTOR signaling, epigenetics, stress response, inflammation, microRNA, and mechanosignaling.
  • These pathways are implicated in both physiological aging and accelerated aging.

Conclusions:

  • Lamin A functions as a sensor for cellular and environmental stress via transient prelamin A accumulation.
  • Sustained high levels of prelamin A can lead to a chronic stress response, driving accelerated aging.
  • Understanding these mechanisms offers insights into aging and related diseases.