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[Sixth cranial nerve palsy: Case report].

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Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
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[Ischemic optic neuropathies].

E Tournaire-Marques1

  • 1Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France.

Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
|May 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ischemic optic neuropathies affect the optic nerve due to vascular issues. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is common, with no known cause or cure, but arteritic causes require urgent treatment.

Keywords:
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathyArtères ciliaires courtes postérieuresArtérite gigantocellulaireDisc at riskGiant-cell arteritisNeuropathie optique ischémique antérieureNeuropathie optique ischémique postérieureOptic disc edemaPapille à risquePosterior ischemic optic neuropathyShort posterior ciliary arteriesŒdème papillaire

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Ischemic optic neuropathies (ION) encompass vascular diseases of the optic nerve.
  • Anterior ION presents with optic disc edema, unlike posterior ION.
  • Non-arteritic acute anterior ION is the most prevalent form, with unknown etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathies.
  • To highlight the characteristics and management of non-arteritic acute anterior ION.
  • To emphasize the critical need to rule out arteritic causes of ION.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical differentiation based on optic disc edema.
  • Identification of risk factors for posterior ION (cardiovascular, perioperative).
  • Urgent clinical and paraclinical evaluation for arteritic causes, particularly giant-cell arteritis.

Main Results:

  • Non-arteritic acute anterior ION is common, often associated with a 'disc at risk'.
  • Posterior ION is rare, linked to cardiovascular factors and perioperative periods.
  • Giant-cell arteritis is the most frequent arteritic cause, necessitating immediate treatment.

Conclusions:

  • No curative or preventive treatment exists for non-arteritic ION.
  • Prompt diagnosis and exclusion of arteritic causes are crucial for preventing vision loss.
  • Intravenous methylprednisolone is essential for managing vision loss in giant-cell arteritis.