Adolescent Autonomous Motivation for Physical Activity: A Concept Analysis

The purpose of this concept analysis is to develop a clear definition of adolescent autonomous motivation for physical activity (PA) based on all existing theoretical and operational definitions of autonomous motivation noted in the literature. For providers, understanding this is essential to elucidate why some adolescents choose to participate in a health-promoting behavior like PA. Researchers need to identify if they are evaluating autonomous motivation or a different type.

Rodgers' Evolutionary Method of concept analysis was used. PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, PsychInfo, and Sport Discus were searched.

No concept analysis of adolescent autonomous motivation for PA was found. Autonomous motivation may include intrinsic motivation and two forms of extrinsic motivation, integrated and identified behavioral regulations. Defining attributes include being: 1) dynamic and 2) on a continuum. Adolescent autonomous motivation for PA is a personal desire to attain PA because the behavior is fun and enjoyable, or it is an important part of how the adolescent self-identifies. The adolescent views the self as being healthy so maintains a healthy lifestyle; or views the self as athletic so needs to attain adequate MVPA.

Findings are that an autonomy-supportive environment and positive perceptions of PA are needed in order to have the outcome of increased PA. The information may be helpful for promoting consistency of measurement across disciplines. Future research with adolescents is warranted to examine underlying differences between males and females, by age, weight status, and developmental stage.

An in-depth understanding is needed for providers who are interested in developing interventions to assist adolescents in regularly attaining adequate PA.