Human Botulism in France, 1875-2016

Area of Science:

• * Public Health
• * Infectious Diseases
• * Food Safety

Background:

• * Botulism, a severe paralytic disease, has a historical presence in France, with incidence fluctuating over time.
• * Historically, foodborne botulism was the primary form, predominantly linked to cured pork products.
• * While rare, botulism necessitates continuous monitoring due to its severity.

Observation:

• * Human botulism incidence in France is currently 10-25 cases annually.
• * Infant botulism is infrequent, and wound or inhalational botulism are exceptional.
• * Type B botulism, often from homemade cured ham, was prevalent.

Findings:

• * A shift in botulism epidemiology is observed between 2000-2016, with increased diversity in types (A, B, E, F) and food origins, including industrial products.
• * Severe cases of types A, E, and F botulism have become more frequent.
• * Type B remains prevalent, primarily associated with cured pork products.

Implications:

• * The evolving epidemiology of botulism requires updated surveillance strategies.
• * Recommendations for food industry and consumers on food hygiene and preservation are crucial.
• * Continued vigilance is essential to mitigate the risks associated with this severe neuroparalytic illness.