Glomerular filtration rate in liver transplant for unresectable hepatoblastoma

Most children with hepatoblastoma manifest, at the time of LT, a decrease in renal function due to chemotherapy that could be further deteriorated by the use of calcineurin inhibitors. The purpose of this work was to examine the long-term follow-up of renal function in a cohort of children transplanted for unresectable hepatoblastoma. We present a retrospective observational study of 10 pediatric patients who received a LT for unresectable hepatoblastoma between 1996 and 2016. All patients included in this study were followed up on a regular basis and were assessed for GFR before transplantation and at least once a year during follow-up. All patients received standardized chemotherapy treatment for hepatoblastoma and immunosuppression according to hospital protocols. There was a marked decrease in GFR at the time of the LT in five patients presenting renal complications during the pretransplant cycles of chemotherapy. Three patients, one of them with prior kidney involvement, presented complications after LT, namely acute kidney failure and decrease in GFR. Those patients who presented with the lowest GFR at the time of LT eventually recovered renal function at levels similar to the rest of the group on follow-up. Chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity is a concern in patients treated for hepatoblastoma. Some individuals will develop low GFR after chemotherapy; therefore, strict follow-up is recommended, as low GFR may affect the doses of subsequent chemotherapy and immunosuppression. Stabilization of GFR levels and occasional improvement can be observed in the post-transplant period.