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Related Concept Videos

Histology of the Uterus01:19

Histology of the Uterus

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The uterine wall consists of three histological layers: the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium. The outermost perimetrium is a thin, serous membrane connected with the broad ligament on the sides, which helps anchor the uterus in the pelvic cavity. The thickest layer, myometrium, is mainly made up of smooth muscle tissue bundles. Its contractions are vital in facilitating the expulsion of the uterine lining, fetus, and placenta during menstruation and childbirth.
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The uterine or fallopian tubes function as the conduit through which oocytes travel from the ovaries to the uterus. Each fallopian tube measures approximately 10 to 13 cm long and is anatomically divided into the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial part (or intramural segment). The infundibulum is characterized by its funnel shape and features extensions called fimbriae which reach towards the peritoneal cavity. These fimbriae play a critical role during ovulation as they extend...
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The uterus, commonly called the womb, is a vital reproductive organ in females designed to provide a nurturing environment for the implantation and growth of an embryo. It is shaped like a hollow pear and positioned between the urinary bladder and the rectum. The uterus's structure allows it to support and protect a developing fetus throughout pregnancy.
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The Uterine Plexiform Lesions Revisited.

Georgia Karpathiou1, Alexandra Papoudou-Bai2, Alix Clemenson1

  • 1Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
|May 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Plexiform uterine lesions are uncommon and often benign, but can be diagnostically challenging. This review analyzes 32 cases, clarifying their morphology, histogenesis, and differential diagnosis for better recognition.

Keywords:
Endometrial stromaEpithelioid leiomyomaSex cord-likeSmooth muscle metaplasiaTumorletUterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic pathology
  • Histopathology
  • Uterine neoplasms

Background:

  • Uterine lesions with plexiform morphology are rare and their origin is debated.
  • While often benign (plexiform tumorlets), they can present diagnostic difficulties due to limited literature.
  • Ambiguities in classification necessitate a comprehensive review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review published cases of uterine plexiform lesions.
  • To clarify their historical recognition, morphology, histogenesis, and differential diagnosis.
  • To address diagnostic challenges associated with these uncommon findings.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Analysis of 32 reported cases of uterine plexiform lesions.
  • Review of morphological, histogenetic, and immunohistochemical data.

Main Results:

  • Most cases occur in women aged 40-60 years; 66.7% are incidental findings.
  • Lesions range from 0.5 to 195 mm, predominantly solitary (78.2%) and myometrial (67.8%).
  • Immunohistochemistry reveals smooth muscle markers; worrisome features noted in leiomyomatosis variants.

Conclusions:

  • Plexiform lesions encompass a spectrum from epithelioid leiomyomas to smooth muscle metaplasia.
  • Understanding their diverse nature is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Further research can refine classification and management strategies.