The theoretical requirements of shunt design as determined by biomechanical testing in pediatric hydrocephalus

This paper reviews the mechanics of shunts currently used to treat hydrocephalus and contrasts these devices with the normal mechanism of CSF circulation. These differences are examined with reference to the biomechanical testing performed in hydrocephalus children. These studies show that in most untreated hydrocephalics, enhanced volume storage accompanies a partial absorptive defect. After treatment, volume storage changes in most children but persists in a minority. Using these tests, it is possible to describe the requirements for successful shunting of hydrocephalic children at all stages of the process. This discussion elaborates the theoretical requirements for revising current shunt design.