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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
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High Myopia and Glaucoma-Like Optic Neuropathy.

Jost B Jonas1, Ya Xing Wang2, Li Dong3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karis-University, Mannheim, Germany.

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|May 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High myopia is linked to increased glaucoma-like optic neuropathy (GON). Structural changes in the eye, like lamina cribrosa elongation, contribute to this risk. Vigilance is crucial for detecting GON in highly myopic patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Anatomy
  • Pathology

Background:

  • High myopia is associated with a greater prevalence of glaucomatous or glaucoma-like optic neuropathy (GON).
  • Understanding the factors contributing to this association is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss potential factors associated with the correlation between high myopia and glaucomatous or glaucoma-like optic neuropathy (GON).

Main Methods:

  • A review of population-based and clinical studies.
  • Incorporation of light-microscopical examinations of human eyes.
  • Definition of GON based on neuroretinal rim shape and vessel kinking.

Main Results:

  • GON prevalence significantly increases with axial length >26.5 mm or myopia >-8 diopters, reaching up to 80% in eyes with axial length >33 mm.
  • Associated factors include larger optic disc/parapapillary delta zone, lamina cribrosa elongation/thinning, steepened translamina cribrosa pressure gradient, and altered peripapillary scleral flange.
  • Nonglaucomatous optic nerve damage can also occur due to parapapillary gamma zone-associated retinal nerve fiber lengthening.

Conclusions:

  • Ophthalmologists must remain vigilant for glaucomatous or glaucoma-like optic neuropathy (GON) in patients with high myopia.
  • Early detection and monitoring are essential to prevent vision loss.