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Anaphylaxis in pregnancy: a population-based multinational European study.

S J McCall1,2, M-P Bonnet3,4,5, O Äyräs6

  • 1National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK.

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|May 29, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anaphylaxis during pregnancy is rare but serious, affecting 1.5 in 100,000 births across Europe. Antibiotics and anesthetic agents were common triggers, leading to poor outcomes for mothers and infants.

Keywords:
anaphylaxis causative agentsanaphylaxis in pregnancyanaphylaxis managementmaternal morbidityneonatal encephalopathyneuromuscular blocking drugs

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis during pregnancy is a rare but severe condition with limited population-based data from mainland Europe.
  • Understanding its incidence, causes, and outcomes is crucial for maternal and infant health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence, causative agents, management, and outcomes of anaphylaxis in pregnancy across multiple European countries.
  • To provide population-based data on this rare obstetric complication.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, multinational study combining retrospective data from Finnish medical registries and prospective population-based studies in the UK, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
  • Identification of anaphylaxis cases in pregnant women.

Main Results:

  • Sixty-five cases of anaphylaxis were identified among 4,446,120 maternities, resulting in an incidence of 1.5 per 100,000 maternities.
  • Antibiotics (43%) and anesthetic agents (17%) were the most frequent causes, with reactions often occurring during delivery.
  • Maternal case fatality rate was 3.2%, and neonatal encephalopathy occurred in 14.3% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Anaphylaxis in pregnancy is a rare event in Europe, with varied causative agents and management protocols.
  • Despite its rarity, anaphylaxis poses significant risks, leading to severe maternal and neonatal complications.