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The Possible Influence of Mediterranean Diet on Extracellular Vesicle miRNA Expression in Breast Cancer Survivors

Yu-Jin Kwon1, Young-Eun Cho2,3, A-Ra Cho4

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363 Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16995, Korea.

Cancers
|May 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The Mediterranean diet (MD) improved cardiometabolic risk factors in breast cancer survivors. MD intervention altered extracellular vesicle microRNA signatures, suggesting a role in managing metabolic health post-treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Genomics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The Mediterranean diet (MD) shows promise for breast cancer and cardiovascular health.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging biomarkers for cancer and cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Overweight breast cancer survivors often face cardiometabolic risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the MD on plasma-derived extracellular vesicle miRNA profiles in overweight breast cancer survivors.
  • To identify specific miRNA changes associated with MD adherence and their potential role in metabolic health.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 16 overweight breast cancer survivors adhered to the MD for eight weeks.
  • Plasma extracellular vesicle miRNAs were analyzed using Significance Analysis of Microarrays and DESeq2.
  • Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to identify biological pathways associated with differentially expressed miRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR after eight weeks of MD.
  • A total of 42 extracellular vesicle miRNAs were significantly differentially regulated (36 up, 6 down) post-MD intervention.
  • Enriched pathways included those related to breast cancer signaling, energy metabolism, glucose metabolism, and insulin signaling.

Conclusions:

  • The MD intervention positively impacts cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight breast cancer survivors.
  • MD-induced changes in extracellular vesicle miRNA expression may mediate improvements in metabolic health.
  • Extracellular vesicle miRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers for monitoring metabolic health in this population.
Keywords:
Mediterranean dietbreast cancer survivormicroRNAobesity

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