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In Vivo Investigation of Antimicrobial Blue Light Therapy for Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Burn Infections Using Bioluminescence Imaging

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Difficult to Treat Infections in the Burn Patient.

Kathryn Lago¹, Catherine F Decker^2,3, Kevin K Chung³

¹Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA.

Surgical Infections

|May 30, 2020

Summary

Unusual infections like osteomyelitis and fungal infections are challenging in severe burn patients. Early diagnosis and combined antimicrobial and surgical treatment are vital for recovery.

Keywords:

bacteremia burn sepsis fungal infections

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Burn Care
Critical Care Medicine

Background:

Severe burns create unique physiological and immunological changes.
These alterations increase susceptibility to unusual infections.
Infections in burn patients often differ from those in non-burn populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize and present literature on uncommon infections in burn patients.
To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and treating these infections.
To emphasize the need for a high index of suspicion and multimodal treatment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of retrospective reviews and case series.
Focus on specific uncommon infections: osteomyelitis, polymicrobial bacteremia, endocarditis, CNS infections, and rare fungal infections.
Comparison of infection characteristics between burn and non-burn populations.

Main Results:

Burn patients are more prone to gram-negative bacteria and fungal infections.
Clinical presentation in burn patients can be atypical and may be missed until autopsy.
Certain infections require surgical intervention alongside antimicrobial therapy.

Conclusions:

Effective management of unusual infections in burn patients requires prompt diagnosis and pathogen identification.
A combination of antimicrobial therapy and surgical intervention is often necessary for cure.
Addressing unique challenges posed by burns and allografts is crucial for surgical success.