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Taxonomy-based differences in feeding guilds of fish.

Javier Sánchez-Hernández1

  • 1Departamento de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Física, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, Santiago de Compostela, España.

Current Zoology
|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Taxonomic relatedness influences feeding guilds in fish, but this link is inconsistent across family and genus levels. Genera are more informative than families for understanding fish feeding habits, highlighting the importance of taxonomic resolution in ecological studies.

Keywords:
FishBaseaquatic systemscladesglobal datasetstaxonomic sufficiencytrophic ecology

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Ichthyology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The link between taxonomic relatedness and animal feeding guilds is widely assumed but lacks empirical support.
  • Understanding trophic ecology requires clarity on how taxonomy relates to feeding behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the importance of taxonomy in trophic ecology by analyzing feeding guilds within the fish order Perciformes.
  • To determine if taxonomic relatedness influences feeding guilds at family and genus levels.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a well-resolved dietary taxonomy analysis of feeding guilds (predation, herbivory, filtering) in Perciformes fishes.
  • Examined feeding guild consistency across marine and freshwater ecosystems.
  • Compared feeding guild variation within families versus genera.

Main Results:

  • Taxonomic relatedness in feeding did not differ between marine and freshwater Perciformes.
  • Predation is dominant, but most families and genera contain species with multiple feeding guilds.
  • Related species exhibit more similar feeding habits than distant ones, with greater feeding guild variation within families than genera.

Conclusions:

  • Genus-level taxonomy is more informative than family-level taxonomy for inferring fish feeding habits.
  • Family-level taxonomy should be avoided for precise ecological studies on fish feeding.
  • Selecting appropriate taxonomic resolution is crucial to prevent information loss and misleading ecological research findings.