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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

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Underactive Bladder and Bladder Outlet Procedures in Women.

Katherine K Shapiro1, Pradeep Tyagi1, Christopher J Chermansky1

  • 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Urology, Pittsburgh, PA.

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|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Treatments for women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and underactive bladder (UAB) include behavioral, pharmacologic, and surgical options. Understanding patient goals is key to selecting the best plan for improved quality of life.

Keywords:
Artificial Urinary SphincterMidurethral SlingsSacral NeuromodulationStress Urinary IncontinenceUnderactive BladderUrethral Bulking Agents

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecology
  • Female Pelvic Medicine

Background:

  • Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and underactive bladder (UAB) often coexist, presenting a complex clinical challenge.
  • Treatment strategies must address both conditions, which can significantly impact a woman's quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging treatment options for women with combined SUI and UAB.
  • To categorize therapies based on their target: bladder or bladder outlet.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical trials and recent investigations.
  • Analysis of established and novel therapeutic agents and techniques.

Main Results:

  • SUI treatments include midurethral slings and urethral bulking agents.
  • UAB treatments are primarily sacral neuromodulation (for Fowler's syndrome) or clean intermittent catheterization.
  • Investigational therapies include adjustable slings and new neuromodulation methods.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment selection requires a comprehensive understanding of individual patient preferences and goals.
  • A variety of effective options exist to manage combined SUI and UAB, improving patient outcomes.