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Microparticles (Exosomes) and Atherosclerosis

Ya-Ting Chen1,2,3,4, Hao-Xiang Yuan1,2,3,4, Zhi-Jun Ou2,3,4,5

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China.

Current Atherosclerosis Reports
|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Microparticles and exosomes, types of extracellular vesicles, are implicated in atherosclerosis progression. These vesicles show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Extracellular Vesicles Research
  • Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Microparticles and exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication.
  • They are released from various cell types through distinct biogenesis pathways.
  • These extracellular vesicles play significant roles in physiological and pathological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microparticles and exosomes in atherosclerosis development.
  • To explore the diagnostic potential of these vesicles in atherosclerosis.
  • To assess the therapeutic applications of microparticles and exosomes for atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on microparticles, exosomes, and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles influence vascular health.
  • Evaluation of current and future clinical applications of microparticles and exosomes.

Main Results:

  • Microparticles and exosomes contribute to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and thrombosis.
  • Their protein and noncoding RNA cargo influences atherosclerosis progression.
  • Extracellular vesicles are emerging as critical players in cell-to-cell signaling relevant to atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • Microparticles and exosomes are integral to atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
  • These vesicles hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers.
  • Targeting microparticles and exosomes offers promising therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis.
Keywords:
AtherosclerosisExosomesExtracellular vesiclesMicroparticlesMicrovesicles

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