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Updated: Dec 20, 2025
Rapid Detection of Fecal Antigen of Helicobacter pylori Infection Based on Double Antibody Sandwich Detection Technology
Published on: May 23, 2025
Triple-nanostructuring-based noninvasive electro-immune sensing of CagA toxin for Helicobacter pylori detection
Utkarsh Jain1, Shaivya Gupta1, Shringika Soni1
1Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Noida, India.
Background:
Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is gram-negative, spiral, and microaerophilic bacteria which can survive in ~2%-10% oxygen level. It was reported to populate in human gastric mucosa and leads to gastric cancer without any age or gender difference.
Materials And Methods:
In this study, we are targeting label-free electrochemical immunosensor development for rapid H pylori detection after covalently immobilizing the antibody (CagA) over the nanomaterials modified Au electrode. Titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (c-MWCNT), and conducting polymer polyindole carboxylic acid (Pin5COOH) composites (TiO2 NPs/c-MWCNT/Pin5COOH) were synthesized and further utilized in immunosensor development as an electrochemical interface onto Au electrode. The stepwise modifications of CagAantibody/TiO2 NPs/c-MWNCT/Pin5COOH/Au electrode were electrochemically studied.
Results:
Possessing the unique features of advanced materials, the proposed immunosensor reported low sensing limit of 0.1 ng/mL in dynamic linear range of 0.1-8.0 ng/mL with higher stability and reproducibility. Furthermore, developed sensor-based determination of H pylori in five human stool specimens has shown good results with suitable accuracy.
Conclusions:
This work lays strong foundation toward developing nanotechnology-enabled electrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive and early detection of H pylori in noninvasively collected clinical samples.
