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Related Concept Videos

Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

5.3K
Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

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Coronavirus (COVID-19): Let's Prevent Not Panic.

Fatima Mukhtar1, Neha Mukhtar2

  • 1Lahore Medical & Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel coronavirus, COVID-19, emerged in China in late 2019. This SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused global concern with thousands of cases and deaths, though Pakistan has no confirmed cases yet.

Keywords:
Coronavirus, COVID-19Wuhan, SARS, SARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • A novel coronavirus strain, SARS-CoV-2, was identified in China in December 2019.
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the disease COVID-19 on February 11, 2020.
  • Coronaviruses are common in animals, but this strain represents a new human pathogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the initial findings and global spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).
  • To summarize the early epidemiological data and clinical presentation of the disease.
  • To highlight the international response and the situation in specific countries, including Pakistan.

Main Methods:

  • Data compiled from WHO Situation Report-28 (as of February 17, 2020).
  • Inclusion of both laboratory-confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases (Hubei province).
  • Analysis of case numbers, deaths, geographical distribution, and case fatality rates.

Main Results:

  • Over 71,000 confirmed cases globally, with over 99% in China.
  • 1,772 deaths reported in China and 3 deaths outside China (Philippines, Japan, France).
  • Case fatality rate estimated between 2-3%; common symptoms include fever, cough, and dyspnea.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as a significant global health threat in early 2020.
  • The virus demonstrated rapid international spread, originating from China.
  • Pakistan had not reported any confirmed cases at the time of this report, with government measures in place.