Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

23.5K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
23.5K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.3K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
10.8K
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

1.0K
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
1.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.1K
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

712
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
712

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Anesthetic Management for Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis in Moyamoya Disease: A Hemodynamic and Neuromonitoring-Integrated Framework.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Pulmonary Aspiration During Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Patient on Multiple Psychotropic Medications: A Case Report and Risk-Stratified Approach to Preprocedural Gastric Ultrasound.

The journal of ECT·2026
Same author

Ligand-Induced Modulation of Photoluminescence in Atomically Precise Silver Nanoclusters.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Activation of methane by the tantalum trioxide anion, TaO<sub>3</sub><sup></sup>.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Spectrum of Geriatric Predominant Epithelial Malignancies in Western India: A Prospective Histopathological Analysis.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Anesthetic Management of a Patient With Factor XIII Deficiency Undergoing Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS): A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cureus·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

9.0K

A ligand-induced homojunction between aluminum-based superatomic clusters.

Dinesh Bista1, Vikas Chauhan2, Turbasu Sengupta1

  • 1Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2000, USA. Snkhanna@vcu.edu.

Nanoscale
|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a semiconductor superatomic molecule using metallic clusters and ligands. Ligand placement controls energy levels, offering a new way to build nanoscale electronic interfaces for potential photovoltaic applications.

More Related Videos

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
10:34

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer

Published on: April 23, 2017

7.2K
Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles
11:54

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 20, 2025

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

9.0K
Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
10:34

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer

Published on: April 23, 2017

7.2K
Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles
11:54

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • * Nanoscale science and engineering
  • * Materials science
  • * Computational chemistry

Background:

  • * Superatomic molecules offer unique electronic properties by mimicking atomic or molecular behavior.
  • * Metallic clusters can be engineered to exhibit semiconducting characteristics.
  • * Organometallic bridges facilitate the connection and electronic coupling of metallic clusters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To computationally investigate the electronic properties of a superatomic molecule formed by two PAl12 metallic clusters linked by an organometallic bridge.
  • * To explore the effect of N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone ligands on energy level shifts and dipole moment orientation within the superatomic molecule.
  • * To assess the potential of these engineered nanostructures for electronic interface applications, particularly in photovoltaics.

Main Methods:

  • * Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were employed to model the superatomic molecule.
  • * The electronic structure, including energy gaps, HOMO, and LUMO levels, was analyzed.
  • * The influence of ligand number and placement on electronic properties and dipole moment was systematically studied.

Main Results:

  • * The PAl12 clusters exhibit semiconducting behavior due to quantum confinement effects and a substantial energy gap.
  • * N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone ligands induce significant energy level shifts across the inter-cluster homojunction.
  • * Ligand placement strongly influences the dipole moment direction, with potential for parallel alignment to the cluster interface.
  • * Attaching multiple ligands can lead to a broken gap energy alignment (HOMO-LUMO).

Conclusions:

  • * This study presents a computational strategy for designing nanometer-scale electronic interfaces that mimic semiconductor motifs.
  • * The ability to tune energy level alignments through ligand engineering offers a novel approach for controlling electronic properties.
  • * Singly ligated bridged superatomic molecules show promise for efficient electron-hole pair separation, relevant for photovoltaic applications.