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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
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3D printed biodegradable functional temperature-stimuli shape memory polymer for customized scaffoldings.

Akash Pandey1, Gurminder Singh2, Sunpreet Singh3

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study explores shape memory polymers (SMPs) in 3D printing, developing chitosan-reinforced poly-lactic-acid scaffolds. Optimized settings achieved 18.8% shape recovery, showing potential for self-healing implants.

Keywords:
3D printingBiocompatibilityChitosanPoly-lactic-acidScaffoldingsShape memory polymerWettability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Shape memory polymers (SMPs) offer unique stimulus-responsive properties valuable across industries.
  • The application of SMPs in 3D printing, particularly for advanced scaffolds, remains an underexplored area.
  • Chitosan (CS) and poly-lactic-acid (PLA) are promising biomaterials for tissue engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the shape memory effect (SME) in 3D printed porous scaffolds composed of chitosan-reinforced poly-lactic-acid.
  • To evaluate the influence of chitosan content and infill density on the shape recovery of fused filament fabricated (FFF) scaffolds.
  • To assess the wettability and biocompatibility of the developed scaffolds for potential biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of composite filaments with varying weight percentages (1, 1.5, 2% wt.) of chitosan (CS) using twin-screw extrusion.
  • 3D printing of porous scaffolds using fused filament fabrication (FFF) with controlled infill densities.
  • Induction of the shape memory effect (SME) through pre-elongation and subsequent thermal treatment at 60-70 °C.

Main Results:

  • Chitosan particles acted as rigid phases, influencing poly-lactic-acid chain re-ordering.
  • Optimized process parameters yielded a significant shape recovery of 18.8% in the PLA/CS scaffolds.
  • Developed scaffolds exhibited favorable wettability and demonstrated good cell proliferation in biocompatibility tests.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printed poly-lactic-acid/chitosan porous scaffolds demonstrate notable shape recovery characteristics.
  • The developed scaffolds are biologically active, indicating their potential as self-healing implants for bone tissue regeneration.
  • This research highlights the feasibility of using composite SMPs in 3D printing for advanced biomedical devices.