Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and risk of chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analyses

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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

16.6K

Huihui Li1, Jing Xue2, Wenjie Dai3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Plos One
|May 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Increased visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) is linked to a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Managing blood pressure fluctuations is crucial for preventing CKD.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) has been suggested as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Previous studies on the association between BPV and CKD have yielded inconsistent results.
  • A comprehensive assessment is needed to clarify the relationship between BPV and CKD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze existing studies.
  • To comprehensively assess the association between visit-to-visit BPV and the risk of developing CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to August 1, 2019.
  • Inclusion of 14 studies for meta-analysis using a random effects model.
  • Independent data extraction by two reviewers with CKD development as the primary outcome.

Main Results:

  • High baseline systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) significantly increased CKD risk (RR 1.69 for SD, 1.23 for CV, 1.40 for VIM).
  • Each unit increase in visit-to-visit SBPV correlated with increased CKD risk (RR 1.05 for SD, 1.06 for CV).
  • Diastolic BPV also showed predictive value for CKD based on SD and CV measures.

Conclusions:

  • Increased visit-to-visit BPV may be an independent risk factor for CKD.
  • Significant heterogeneity among studies necessitates further prospective research for confirmation.
  • Hypertension management should focus on both blood pressure control and minimizing fluctuations to reduce CKD risk.
Abstract

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