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Related Concept Videos

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

154.5K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature01:27

Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature

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Microorganisms display remarkable adaptations, enabling them to thrive in diverse ecological niches across a wide range of temperatures. Temperature profoundly influences microbial growth by affecting enzymatic activity, membrane fluidity, and other cellular processes.Each microorganism operates within a specific temperature range defined by three cardinal points: minimum, optimum, and maximum. Below the minimum temperature, membranes lose fluidity, halting transport processes. Above the...
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Requirements for Human Life01:26

Requirements for Human Life

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The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
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Related Experiment Video

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Field-Based Thermal Physiology Assay: Cold Shock Recovery under Ambient Conditions
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Epigenetic Responses to Temperature and Climate.

Beth A McCaw1, Tyler J Stevenson2, Lesley T Lancaster1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.

Integrative and Comparative Biology
|May 30, 2020
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Summary

Epigenetics, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, helps organisms adapt to temperature changes. These epigenetic mechanisms influence traits, stress responses, and can be inherited across generations, aiding adaptation to climate change.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental epigenetics
  • Climate change adaptation
  • Phenotypic plasticity

Background:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms regulate how organisms respond to environmental cues, influencing phenotypic plasticity and life history.
  • Understanding epigenetic control is crucial for predicting species' adaptive capacity to environmental shifts, particularly climate change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of environmental temperature in epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation.
  • To explore how epigenetics influences species' adaptation to climate change.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modification) in response to temperature.
  • Analysis of studies across different kingdoms of life examining temperature-dependent epigenetic effects.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications respond to temperature, mediating thermal stress responses and regulating key developmental and seasonal processes.
  • Epigenetics facilitates transgenerational inheritance of thermal adaptation and population adaptation to climate gradients.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms play a role in biological invasions across diverse climate regions.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetics is conserved in responding to temperature change but exhibits temperature- and species-specific effects.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complexities of epigenetic responses to environmental temperature shifts.