Neonatal screening programme for CF: Results from the Irish Comparative Outcomes Study (ICOS)
Catherine Fitzgerald1, Barry Linnane2,3, Sherly George4
1School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Pediatric Pulmonology
|May 30, 2020
Summary
Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) in Ireland improved child growth and reduced hospitalizations for infections. NBS also delayed Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition compared to clinical diagnosis in CF patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) was implemented in Ireland in July 2011.
- A comparative historical cohort study was designed to assess clinical outcomes before and after NBS implementation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of NBS on clinical outcomes in children with CF.
- To compare growth, infection acquisition, and hospitalization rates between clinically diagnosed and NBS-detected CF patients.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 232 children with CF was recruited (93 clinically diagnosed, 139 NBS-detected).
- Data on clinical diagnosis, growth parameters, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition were collected.
- Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
Main Results:
- Children diagnosed via NBS showed significantly better weight and height at 6 and 12 months.
- NBS-detected children had a longer time to Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition post-diagnosis.
- Clinical diagnosis was independently associated with hospitalization for infective exacerbations before 36 months.
Conclusions:
- Newborn screening for CF in Ireland is associated with improved growth and reduced hospitalizations for acute exacerbations.
- NBS leads to delayed Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition from diagnosis.
- Screening practices may explain the lack of significant difference in P. aeruginosa acquisition from birth between cohorts.
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