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Related Concept Videos

The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
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The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
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Convergent Evolution01:54

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Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
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Types of Selection01:46

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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

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John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
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Hoxa13 regulates expression of common Hox target genes involved in cartilage development to coordinate the expansion of the autopodal anlage.

Development, growth & differentiation·2019
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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

A Rapid In Vivo Bioassay for Developmentally Active Enhancers
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Enhancers, development, and evolution.

Atsushi Kuroiwa1

  • 1Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|May 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Regulatory genes guide animal development from a single cell to a complex organism. Advances in technology are accelerating the study of developmental biology and evolutionary diversification.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Multicellular animals develop from a single fertilized egg through regulated pathways.
  • Gene expression patterns control development from germ layer formation to cell differentiation.
  • Understanding developmental mechanisms and evolutionary morphological changes is key in biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the molecular mechanisms of developmental processes.
  • To investigate the mechanistic basis of morphological diversification in evolution.
  • To highlight how technological innovations are advancing these fields.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput nucleotide sequencing
  • Live-cell imaging
  • Efficient genetic manipulation
Keywords:
developmentenhancerevolutiontranscription

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  • Organoid system establishment

    • Main Results:

    • Technological advancements are enabling new research avenues.
    • Spatiotemporally restricted gene expression is crucial for development.
    • These innovations facilitate the study of complex biological processes.

    Conclusions:

    • Contemporary developmental biology is rapidly advancing.
    • New technologies are crucial for understanding development and evolution.
    • Further research will illuminate the genetic control of development and diversification.