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Synthesis, Functionalization, and Characterization of Fusogenic Porous Silicon Nanoparticles for Oligonucleotide Delivery

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Pulsed plasma surface functionalized nanosilver for gene delivery.

Ajinkya Mahadev Trimukhe¹, Prasad Ashok Pofali², Amogh Atul Vaidya³

¹Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 19, India.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)

|May 31, 2020

Summary

Plasma treatment functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with chitosan, creating MetaloPolymeric Nanocarriers (MPNCs). These MPNCs show enhanced biocompatibility and cellular uptake for improved DNA delivery applications.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials science
Nanotechnology
Plasma physics

Background:

Biomaterial surface properties are critical for nucleic acid delivery, affecting cell interactions and immunity.
Low-pressure cold plasma offers an effective, eco-friendly method for material surface modification.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) require surface functionalization for advanced biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To modify silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plasma treatment and chitosan for enhanced intracellular DNA delivery.
To investigate the impact of plasma functionalization and chitosan modification on AgNP surface properties and biocompatibility.
To optimize the pulsed plasma polymerization process for creating novel nanocarriers.

Main Methods:

Surface modification of AgNPs with chitosan using pulsed plasma polymerization with acrylic acid vapors.
Incorporation of carboxylic groups onto AgNP surfaces via plasma treatment.
Coupling of plasma-functionalized AgNPs with Chitosan Oligosaccharide (COS) using EDC to form amide linkages, creating MetaloPolymeric Nanocarriers (MPNCs).
Optimization of plasma treatment parameters including pressure, duty cycle, time, and flow rate.

Main Results:

Plasma functionalization successfully incorporated carboxylic groups onto AgNP surfaces.
The resulting MetaloPolymeric Nanocarriers (MPNCs) exhibited superior biocompatibility and bio-stability compared to unmodified AgNPs.
In vitro studies demonstrated significant cellular uptake of the MPNCs, indicating efficient nanoplex delivery.

Conclusions:

Plasma functionalization is a viable strategy for tailoring metallic nanoparticle surfaces for enhanced gene delivery.
Chitosan modification significantly improves the biocompatibility and stability of AgNPs for biomedical use.
MPNCs show promise as effective carriers for intracellular DNA delivery.