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Association Between Overtime-Working Environment and Psychological Distress Among Japanese Workers: A Multilevel
Yoko Ishida1, Hiroshi Murayama, Yoshiharu Fukuda
1Shinyo Healthy Companies Corporation (Dr Ishida); Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Dr Murayama); and Teikyo University Graduate School of Pubic Health (Dr Fukuda), Japan.
Objective:
The study aims to examine the association between overtime-working environment (OWE) and individual psychological distress among Japanese workers.
Methods:
Data of 7786 workers from 101 companies in Japan were analyzed. Psychological distress was assessed through a 29-item questionnaire. The OWE was evaluated by calculating the proportion of workers whose monthly overtime was 45 hours or more in a workplace. Multilevel logistic regression was used.
Results:
As 10% increase in the OWE was associated with a 16% higher risk of individual psychological distress after adjustment of individual covariates, including overtime working hours. Cross-level interaction showed that the risk was varied depending on individual overtime working hours.
Conclusions:
OWE was associated with the psychological distress of workers. It is necessary to create a non-OWE at workplaces to prevent psychological distress for workers.
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