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Related Concept Videos

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
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Evaluation of Stem Cell Therapies in a Bilateral Patellar Tendon Injury Model in Rats
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Restoring aged stem cell functionality: Current progress and future directions.

Kevin Spehar1, Andrew Pan2, Isabel Beerman1

  • 1Epigenetics and Stem Cell Aging Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, BRC, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)
|May 31, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging leads to stem cell dysfunction, impacting physical and cognitive health. This review explores diet, treatments, and small molecules to improve aged stem cell function and mitigate aging effects.

Keywords:
adult stem cellsaged stem cellsaginghematopoietic stem cellsinterventionsintestinal stem cellsmesenchymal stem cellsmuscle stem cellsneural stem cellsrejuvenationskin stem cellsstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Stem cell dysfunction is a key factor in aging, contributing to declines in physical and cognitive functions.
  • Research is actively seeking ways to counteract age-related stem cell decline in both laboratory and clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review interventions that can improve the function of aged adult stem cells.
  • To identify promising strategies for delaying or mitigating aging phenotypes through stem cell rejuvenation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on interventions for aged adult stem cells.
  • Focus on diet, therapeutic treatments, and small molecule approaches.
  • Analysis of evidence for functional improvement in various aged stem cell types.

Main Results:

  • Dietary interventions show potential for enhancing aged stem cell function.
  • Certain treatments and small molecules have demonstrated efficacy in improving stem cell performance.
  • Evidence suggests some strategies are translatable from model organisms to human applications.

Conclusions:

  • Diet, treatments, and small molecules represent viable avenues for improving aged stem cell function.
  • These interventions offer potential for clinical relevance in combating age-related decline.
  • Further research can accelerate the development of therapies to promote healthy aging through stem cell enhancement.