Osteogenic in vitro training of bone marrow mesenquimal cells for application in segmentary bone resections

To achieve bone continuity in an experimental model of segmental resection of femur bone by applying a treatment with committed to osteogenic bone linage mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, obtained from syngeneic Wistar murine, were committed into osteogenic lineage and embedded within a hydroxipatite block. They were implanted in an experimentally created diaphyseal femur resection model. The diaphysis was synthetized with a 1.5mm thick plate. In order to calculate binomial distributions, we stablished one experimental and 3 control groups of 8 elements each: Group I, filling the gap with allograft; group ii, filling with a hydroxyapatite block without cells; group iii, filling with the hydroxyapatite block embedded with committed cells, and group iv, with the hydroxyapatite embedded with osteoinduced cells in a 3 dimensions TRAP culture. Descriptive analysis was performed by frequency distribution and Fisher statistic test. Level of statistical significance was considered at P<.05.

Group I presented good bone consolidation and no plate breakage. Group II showed fibrous but non-bone tissue, with rupture of all plates. Group III showed bone tissue in all cases, but the plates broke in all of them, while in group iv bone consolidation was achieve without any plate rupture.

Cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells, trained in a 3 dimensions cell culture, produces bone tissue and ensures the permanence of the mechanical stabilization performed in a segmental resection model.

A study with a larger sample size is necessary before planning the human inference.