Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 20, 2025
Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
Published on: November 5, 2021
COVID-19: Transmission, prevention, and potential therapeutic opportunities
Melika Lotfi1, Michael R Hamblin2, Nima Rezaei3
1School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Zanjan, Iran.
Abstract:
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global challenge. Despite intense research efforts worldwide, an effective vaccine and viable treatment options have eluded investigators. Therefore, infection prevention, early viral detection and identification of successful treatment protocols provide the best approach in controlling disease spread. In this review, current therapeutic options, preventive methods and transmission routes of COVID-19 are discussed.
Insights
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, lacks effective vaccines and treatments. This review discusses current infection prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies to control the spread of the novel coronavirus disease.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents a significant global health challenge.
- Current research has not yet yielded effective vaccines or definitive treatment options for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
- To discuss preventive measures and transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2.
- To provide an overview of approaches for controlling COVID-19 spread.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current therapeutic options for COVID-19.
- Analysis of established preventive methods against SARS-CoV-2.
- Examination of known transmission routes of the novel coronavirus.
Main Results:
- No single effective vaccine or universally viable treatment is currently available for COVID-19.
- Infection prevention and early detection remain critical for disease control.
- Various therapeutic options and preventive strategies are under investigation and in practice.
Conclusions:
- Controlling the spread of COVID-19 relies on a multi-faceted approach.
- Effective management involves robust infection prevention, early viral detection, and optimized treatment protocols.
- Continued research is essential for developing vaccines and advanced therapies for SARS-CoV-2.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
01:20Infection
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
02:49Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
01:20Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.