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Risk factors for hypercalcemia in patients with tuberculosis
Sujith Mathew John1, Sheeba Sagar1, Joshi Krishnakumari Aparna1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
International Journal of Mycobacteriology
|June 1, 2020
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) can cause hypercalcemia. This study found that one-fifth of TB patients had elevated calcium levels, with renal failure, diabetes, and disseminated TB as key risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Internal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health concern, leading to significant illness and death worldwide.
- Hypercalcemia is a recognized complication of tuberculosis.
- The prevalence and specific risk factors for hypercalcemia in TB patients require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hypercalcemia in patients diagnosed with tuberculosis.
- To identify clinical and demographic risk factors associated with the development of hypercalcemia in tuberculosis patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case-control study design was employed.
- Data from 129 patients with microbiological evidence of TB and available serum calcium levels (2005-2016) were analyzed.
- Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected and compared between TB patients with and without hypercalcemia.
Main Results:
- Twenty percent of the studied tuberculosis patients exhibited hypercalcemia.
- Clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia were present in 65% of affected patients.
- Significant risk factors for hypercalcemia included disseminated TB (OR 1.83), diabetes (OR 1.60), and renal failure (OR 7.33).
Conclusions:
- Hypercalcemia affects approximately one-fifth of patients with tuberculosis.
- Renal failure, diabetes mellitus, and disseminated tuberculosis are identified as significant risk factors for hypercalcemia in this population.
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