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Keratoconus: a potential risk factor for osteoarthritis.

Erdinç Bozkurt1, Fatih Bagcier2

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Patients with keratoconus (KC) show thinner distal femoral cartilage thickness (DFCT), indicating a potential risk for developing osteoarthritis. This finding may inform early rehabilitation strategies for KC patients.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive eye condition.
  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease.
  • A potential link between KC and OA requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare distal femoral cartilage thickness (DFCT) in KC patients versus healthy controls.
  • To identify DFCT as a potential risk factor for early OA in KC patients.
  • To guide early rehabilitation interventions for KC patients.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-six KC patients and 36 controls (aged 18-35) were enrolled.
  • Corneal parameters (K1, K2, CCT, ACD, CV) were measured using Sirius imaging.
  • Distal femoral cartilage thickness (DFCT) was assessed via ultrasound; LFC, ICA, MFC, and BMI were recorded.

Main Results:

  • KC patients exhibited significantly reduced right lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and medial femoral condyle (MFC) thickness, and left intercondylar area (ICA) and MFC thickness compared to controls (p < 0.05).
  • Significant differences were observed in keratometry (K1, K2), central corneal thickness (CCT), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) between groups.
  • Age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were comparable between KC patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced DFCT in KC patients suggests an increased susceptibility to osteoarthritis.
  • This research highlights a potential link between keratoconus and joint degeneration.
  • Early detection of thinner cartilage may facilitate timely OA management in KC individuals.