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Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...

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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Tissue Regeneration and Disease Modeling with Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Author Spotlight: Advancing Tissue Regeneration and Disease Modeling with Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Published on: May 5, 2023

Mesenchymal stem cells from orthodontic premolar teeth.

Manu Krishnan¹, Anu Sharma², Seema Saraswathy³

¹Classified Specialist (Orthodontics), Department of Dental Research & Implantology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India

|June 2, 2020

Summary

Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) show superior growth and differentiation compared to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). These findings highlight DP-MSCs as a promising alternative for bone tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells Orthodontic premolar teeth

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Stem Cell Biology
Biomaterials Science

Background:

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue engineering, but isolating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) presents challenges.
Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) are being explored as an alternative source for MSCs.
This study investigates DP-MSCs from orthodontically extracted premolars for bone tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential of DP-MSCs for bone tissue engineering.
To compare the characteristics of DP-MSCs with BMSCs.

Main Methods:

DP-MSCs were isolated from premolar teeth and cultured, with BMSCs used as a control.
Flow cytometry was used to analyze MSC markers.
Multilineage differentiation potential, including osteogenic differentiation, was assessed via specific culture media and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.

Main Results:

DP-MSCs exhibited significantly higher proliferation rates, faster population doubling times, and enhanced colony formation compared to BMSCs (p < 0.001).
DP-MSCs expressed key MSC markers (CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166) and the early marker Stro-1, while lacking hematopoietic markers.
Both DP-MSCs and BMSCs demonstrated successful differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages, with comparable ALP expression.

Conclusions:

DP-MSCs possess robust growth characteristics and multilineage differentiation capabilities.
Their neural crest/ectomesenchymal origin suggests suitability for craniofacial tissue engineering.
DP-MSCs represent a viable and promising alternative to BMSCs in regenerative medicine.