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Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

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Deliberate Soccer Practice Modulates Attentional Functioning in Children.

Consuelo Moratal¹, Juan Lupiáñez², Rafael Ballester¹

¹Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Catholic Universiy of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain.

Frontiers in Psychology

|June 2, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Regular soccer practice in preadolescence enhances executive control and attentional functions. This study shows that sports participation positively impacts cognitive development, particularly executive functions.

Keywords:

alerting childhood executive control orienting team sport

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Cognitive Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology

Background:

Executive control and attentional functions are crucial for cognitive development in preadolescence.
Open-skill sports, like soccer, involve dynamic environments requiring rapid decision-making and attention.
Understanding the link between sports and cognition can inform interventions for cognitive enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between regular open-skill sports participation (soccer) and executive control.
To examine the impact of soccer on other attentional functions, including alerting and orienting.
To explore cognitive performance differences between preadolescent soccer players and non-athletes.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 131 preadolescents (61 soccer players, 70 non-athletes) was studied.
Cognitive performance was assessed using the Attentional Network Test-Interactions (ANT-I) task.
Key metrics included response times, executive control (e.g., interference reduction), alerting, and orienting.

Main Results:

Soccer players demonstrated significantly faster overall response times compared to non-athletes.
Participants engaged in regular soccer practice exhibited superior executive control, notably reduced interference from distractors.
The findings support a positive association between consistent sports practice and enhanced cognitive functions.

Conclusions:

Regular participation in open-skill sports like soccer is linked to improved executive control and attentional networks in preadolescents.
The study supports the cardiovascular fitness and cognitive component skills hypotheses.
Externally paced, demanding sports environments may foster optimal cognitive development during early adolescence.