Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Pediatrics
Allison C Hill1,2, Michael J Silka1,2, Yaniv Bar-Cohen1,2
1Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Insights
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) offers benefits for adults with heart failure. While pediatric applications are less defined due to heterogeneity, initial results for CRT in children are promising.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is established for adult heart failure with specific criteria (e.g., LBBB, low ejection fraction).
- Pediatric heart failure presents diverse etiologies and anatomical variations, often not aligning with adult CRT guidelines.
- Identifying suitable pediatric candidates for CRT remains challenging due to population heterogeneity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current indications for CRT in pediatric patients.
- To analyze outcomes of CRT in pediatric populations, including those with congenital heart disease.
- To explore the potential of CRT in a heterogeneous pediatric group.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on pediatric CRT.
- Analysis of case studies and clinical trial data for pediatric heart failure patients.
- Comparison of adult and pediatric CRT criteria and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Initial experiences with CRT in pediatric patients have shown encouraging outcomes across various subgroups.
- CRT may offer benefits beyond typical adult indications in specific pediatric cases.
- Further research is needed to refine pediatric CRT selection criteria.
Conclusions:
- CRT is a developing therapeutic option for pediatric heart failure.
- Tailoring CRT to pediatric-specific conditions is crucial for success.
- Ongoing studies aim to optimize CRT utilization in children with heart conditions.
Abstract:
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has proven to be a powerful and effective tool in the treatment of adults with severe dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy. A substantial portion of the adult heart failure population has severely depressed systolic function, heart failure symptoms, QRS prolongation, and left bundle branch block. Indications for CRT in adults are commonly focused on these characteristics. However, pediatric patients represent a heterogeneous group with many etiologies of heart failure and anatomic variants, with most of them not fitting the typical adult CRT criteria. The heterogeneity of the pediatric population has hindered the identification of ideal candidates for CRT, but initial experience with CRT in various groups of pediatric patients has been encouraging. This article reviews indications for and outcomes of CRT in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients.
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